Extraversion Lies To You: How Only 1% Of The Population Has A Normal View Of The World
Introverts have enjoyed a renaissance over the last several years. Countless news headlines have extolled the benefits of retaining a bit of reclusiveness in your everyday life, including the ability to listen actively and possessing the kind of slow-motion critical thinking skills that extraverts seem perfectly happy to gloss over in excitement.
A new study suggests introverts also have a clearer idea of how social the rest of the world is: As little as one percent of people see through the paradox, the report claims. Researchers Daniel C. Feiler and Adam M. Kleinbaum of Tuck Business School at Dartmouth College took the well-known friendship paradox, which states that, statistically speaking, your friends probably have more friends than you do, and extended it to real-world social dynamics. Their findings, published in Psychological Science, have broad applications for understanding how people’s attitudes are shaped by their perception of the norm.
According to the study, which brought together 284 MBA students to fill out questionnaires about their personalities and social lives, the friendship paradox lives on most clearly among groups of extraverts. This should make some sense, the researchers claim. Outgoing people make more friends, and importantly, friends with other extraverts, than introverts do. From the point of view of an extravert, the world is one big group of social butterflies. To introverts, the butterflies are still there; they just aren’t swarming.
“If you're more extraverted, you might really have a skewed view of how extraverted other people are in general,” Feiler said in a statement. “If you're very introverted you might actually have a pretty accurate idea.”
The problem is, the friendship paradox tends to plague people in consistent degrees. Introverts and extraverts alike believe their friends have more friends than they do, without considering the relative perceptions of the other group. “There's a fundamental assumption in psychology that inferences about social norms are based on the people we interact with,” Feiler said. “And if that's the case, then we need to consider that our social network is a biased sample.”
If we don’t, we risk falling victim to many of the modern-day perils that come with excessive socialization. Heavy Facebook use, for example, has been identified as a cause of unhappiness and lower quality of life. People that use Facebook more often don’t just use the site as an outlet for sadness; the site actually promotes new feelings. We see other people’s photos from last weekend or a past summer vacation, and we get reminded of how we stayed in and did nothing. At the same time, we fail to consider all the highlights of our own lives and all the lows of others’.
According to the new results, if we adopt a more realistic mental picture of the world, in which people are having about the same amount of low-level fun at all times that we are — binging on Netflix, scrolling through Twitter — our own lives won’t seem so insignificant. “There's a tendency to wonder, ‘am I normal?’” Feiler said. “And our research suggests that you're probably more normal than you think.”
Source: Feiler D, Kleinbaum A. Popularity, Similarity, and the Network Extraversion Bias. Psychological Science. 2015.